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Beiguan Gods

Beiguan Opera is divided into two major systems: the Xipi and the Fulu, with the Fulu school mainly using the Bangzi tune, commonly known as the "old way", while the Xipi school mainly uses the Pi Huang tune, known as the "new way". During its heyday, there were faction conflicts in central, northern, and northeastern Taiwan.

The most significant differences between the two schools are the primary musical instruments used, the names of their organizations, and the gods they worship. The Fulu school mainly uses the Qiaozai Xian as the primary musical instrument, and their organizations are named "She" and "Yuan", with a belief in the god, Prince of West Qin. The Xipi school primarily uses the Diaogui Zai as the primary musical instrument, and their organizations are named "Tang" and "Xuan", with a belief in the god Tian Du Marshal.


The Prince Of West Qin

    The Prince Of West Qin is the god worshiped by the Fulu school. According to legend, he was Emperor Tang Xuanzong, and was known for his elegance, love of music and dance. He built a theater in the imperial palace known as the "Liyuan". He gathered the best performers and composers from all over the country and reached the height of his popularity. Later generations regard "Liyuan" as a synonym for the theater world, and Tang Xuanzong became worshiped as a guardian god of the theater world, and was also regarded as such by the music industry. After the Anshi Rebellion, Xuanzong abdicated and fled to the land of Qin and Shu, and hence the people referred to him as "West Qin Wangye".



Marshal Tian Du

    Marshal Tian Du is the god worshiped by the Xipi school. Legend has it that Tian Du Marshal was Lei Haiqing, a favorite of Emperor Tang Xuanzong, who was born with a black face, and his family was afraid of his bad omen. He was abandoned in the fields and was nursed by a large crab on its foam bubbles and sheltered by a duck mother. Later, he was picked up by a farmer who raised him.His upbringing is the reason for the crab legs on the god's statue, and the reason offerings to him will never include duck and crab. When Haiqing was young, he read extensively and had a strong affection for dogs and chickens. When he grew up, he was the top scholar in the imperial examination and an expert in music theory. Emperor Xuanzong liked dramas, so he was appointed Grand Academician of Liyuan and put in charge of dramas in the imperial court. Unfortunately, he died young, and the dogs and chickens he kept also died inexplicably.

    When An Lushan rebelled, Emperor Xuanzong hurriedly left the capital and was surrounded by enemy soldiers on the way. In a time of crisis, Lei Haiqing manifested and led a golden rooster and silver dog to protect Emperor Xuanzong. There was a flag in the fog with the word "lei"(雷) on it, but only the lower part with the word "tian" (田) was visible. The word "Tian" in the lower part was mistakenly identified by Xuanzong as the God with the surname Tian, Marshal Tian Du, and the golden rooster and silver dog as the left and right lieutenants.


The Nan Yao Temple Liying Society we visited worships Marshal Tian Du, while our teacher's Changhua Yujing Yuan and Dongshan Fongli Yuan worship Emperor of West Qin the Fulu school.